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Burkitt's Lymphoma primarily affects B cells, which are a type of white blood cell that plays a crucial role in the immune response by producing antibodies. This form of cancer arises from a particular genetic alteration involving the MYC gene, which is critically involved in cell growth and division. The translocation of the MYC gene leads to uncontrolled proliferation of B cells, resulting in the characteristic features of Burkitt's Lymphoma.

This lymphoma is known for its rapid growth and is often associated with specific demographic and clinical features, such as presenting as abdominal masses or involvement of the jaw in endemic cases. The predominance of B cells in this condition is significant, as it distinguishes Burkitt's Lymphoma from other types of lymphomas that may affect T cells or other immune cells, thereby influencing both the diagnosis and treatment approach.